Women Empowerment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Women Empowerment - Research Paper Example Because of the stated situation, it appears that the research industry also gives a lesser amount of attention towards the said field in relation to back injuries, specifically in the South African region. It is in this light that this paper attempts to analyze and understand the condition of female gymnasts in South Africa in association with the common back injuries they usually encounter. Age of the gymnast is an important element in this study since the physique of the body varies depending on the maturation period of an individual. For instance, the built of the body of an infant is not the same from the structure of the body of a person who is already on his or her childhood, adolescence or adulthood. Gender also plays a significant role in this research because, similar with age, it determines the body type in certain stages of development as described by Marshal and Tanner (2000). During the puberty stage of development, boys and girls have differences and similarities in terms of the changes that they experience with regards to their bodies. In this developmental stage Piaget (2000) mentioned that it is the perfect moment where an athlete realizes his or her importance in sport or the perceptual-cognitive approach to the role the athlete has in sport. The body structure as determined by age and gender is one of the important factors in gymnastics since the whole body is involved in this kind of sports. Intensity of training depends on the age and growth of the person which automatically involves the general health condition. Even though the whole body works in gymnastics, it is the lower extremities that are given due value. It is because of the reason that the lower extremities are the ones responsible for the skill necessary for balance in the course of landings from dismounts and tumbling. Aside from this, the lower extremities also grant the locomotive power and speed for the whole body. These are few of the causes why lower back injuries occur. Relative to the results of the study, most of the participants were in the puberty stage, age ranging from 12 years old to 14 years old. This means that the changes in the body, as provided by the natural development brought by the puberty stage of an individual, were also in its peak. Rogol, et al., (2000) mentioned that puberty largely affect the structure of the body, including some proportions of water, muscle, fat, and bone. Equally relative with the age of the majority of the gymnast respondents

Meaning Of Socio-Cultural Factors Involved In Education Research Paper

Meaning Of Socio-Cultural Factors Involved In Education - Research Paper Example A test score that is two standard deviation from the mean implies a Z-score of -2.0 that is associated with -2.00. The numeral -2.00 follows through the intersection of the row of -2.0 in the z column and the column associated with .00 of the table. Following protocols followed for the table of the normal curve, the numerals mentioned earlier are associated with the value of 0.0228 that gives area under the normal curve. The area of normal curve 0.0228 is associated with the probability associated with the lowest scorer with the score associated with two standard deviations below the mean. This means that more precisely the student we are discussing belong to bottom 2.28% of the grade sevens, following the association of 0.0228 with 2.28%. Meanwhile, a score of 115 given of 100 and standard deviation of 15 implies a z value of 1.15 following standard transformation formation protocols. In turn, the z-score of 1.15 is associated with the area 0.8749 under the normal curve based on Tab le 1. The student we are discussing belong to the bottom 87.49% of the grade sevens. Described in another way, only 12.51% of the students of grade seven are ahead of our student. We can also say that our student belongs close to the top 13% of the grade sevens. If there are only 100-grade sevens, our student closely belongs to the best 13 students of the grade sevens. We can say that our student is one of the â€Å"laggards† with regard to performance in reading but one of the best with regard to performance in mathematics.